Comparative in vitro study of the antimicrobial activity of metal-ZnO nanoparticles against several bacterial and fungal pathogens

A. Mwaheb, Mai; R. Abd Al Halim, Laila; A. Abdel-Baset, Tarob; F. Hemeda, Nada

doi:10.21608/nrmj.2021.190251

Comparative in vitro study of the antimicrobial activity of metal-ZnO nanoparticles against several bacterial and fungal pathogens

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Botany, Faculty of science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt

² Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt

³ Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt

⁴ Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt

10.21608/nrmj.2021.190251

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) has become useful in the different application fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of metal-ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against several bacterial and fungal strains including; Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 13753), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 8095), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC10662), Candida albicans (ATCC10231) and Aspergillus niger (AUMC3663). Results obtained by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that the NPs size was in the range of 35.1- 43.7 nm. Images of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the rod shape nature of the ZnO NPs, and the semi-spherical shapes of the Zn9.7TM0.3O NPs. The effect of different concentrations of ZnO NPs on the in vitro growth of the bacterial and fungal strains was evaluated using the agar well diffusion assay. Current results showed that Cd-ZnO NP recorded the highest antimicrobial potency; expressing inhibition zones diameter range of 12- 45 mm, while ZnO NPs demonstrated the least activity exhibiting inhibition zones diameter that ranged from 0- 36 mm. Among all the examined ZnO-NPs, treatment of E. coli and Staph. aureus cells with Cd-ZnO proved to be the most effective in causing membrane leakage of reducing sugars, protein and DNA recording; 0.41 µg/ ml and 0.38 µg/ ml; 14.91 µg/ ml and 15.98 µg/ ml; 0.81 µg/ ml and 0.96 µg/ ml, respectively. This study emphasized that ZnO NPs could be used as alternative antimicrobial agents to control the bacterial and fungal pathogens. Manipulation of ZnO NPs is ecofriendly; as it reduces the use of the synthetic pesticides and chemical therapeutic agents, which pollute the environment. In the future, in vivo application of these NPs necessitates the proof that they have no phytotoxicity and\or cytotoxicity.

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